The South American drink is made from the leaves of the Ilex paraguariensis plant. It is traditionally consumed in central and southern regions of South America, primarily in Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay, southern and central-western Brazil, and southern Chile.
The beverage first became popular among indigenous Guaraní peoples before European colonization. Today, it remains deeply ingrained in South American culture. Sharing mate is a social experience that fosters conversation and friendship.
The traditional preparation uses a cured gourd and bombilla (metal straw). Mate can be served hot or cold. The hot version is known simply as mate while the cold version is called tereré.
Consumption Habits
South Americans commonly drink 1-4 liters of the brew per day. Avid drinkers elsewhere have been known to consume 1-2 liters per day. However, it’s best to avoid overconsumption and restrict intake.
There are mixed findings regarding the brew’s health effects. Some components may provide benefits but drinking very hot mate over long periods may increase esophageal cancer risk. Those with sleep issues should avoid drinking it after 6 pm due to its caffeine content.
The amount you use per cup depends on personal preference. On average, most people use 2-3 tablespoons of leaves per cup. The strength of the leaves and the size of your cup also affect how much to use.
When preparing, the leaves will expand so avoid packing them too tightly into the measuring spoon. Once measured, add the leaves to an infuser or teapot. Pour hot water over the leaves and let steep for 3-5 minutes.
To make tereré, a refreshing cold tea, use cold instead of hot water and sometimes add fruit juice. Sip tereré slowly over several hours.
Daily Intake
Many drinkers consume 1-2 liters daily depending on personal tolerance. However, avoid constant consumption. Limit intake spaced throughout the day, avoiding evening consumption. While evidence on health effects is mixed, the brew may provide some benefits as it contains vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants.
It contains less caffeine than coffee, but it still provides a boost in energy levels. There are about 80-85 milligrams of caffeine in each 8-ounce cup. Studies typically use a dose of 3 cups (330mL each) a day, for up to 60 days. It’s safe to drink up to 1.5 liters a day. On average, most people use 2-3 tablespoons per cup. Avoid constant consumption, 2 – 3 beverages at most, which should last a good portion of the day.
South Americans safely drink 1-4 liters per day. In North America and Europe, avid drinkers consume 1-2 liters per day. The amount you drink daily depends on your tolerance.
It has 80mg caffeine per cup – less than coffee but more than most teas. It provides steady energy without jitters. Most people feel more awake, focused, warmer and happier after drinking it. It also contains healthy antioxidants and nutrients.
However, drinking very large amounts for a long time likely increases cancer risk. To be safe, limit it to 1.5 liters per day.
Pregnant women and those with health conditions should talk to a doctor before drinking it regularly. Side effects can occur, especially when drinking it strong or on an empty stomach.
It is an acquired taste with an earthy, vegetal flavor. It can be consumed cold but is traditionally drank hot. The leaves are brewed in a gourd and sipped through a metal straw that strain leaves.